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Technology developers are those who basically work for invention and improvement of technologies to be brought in the safe drinking water sector. DOW Chemical Company of United States and Water Health International has been known to be technology developer for Reverse Osmosis (RO) and Ultra-violet (UV) technology² respectively.

Some details about list of companies which have been manufacturing water treatment plants and other instruments based on RO/UV technologies are appended (as shown in Annexure 5).

5. Products / Services offered by Sweet India

The process in Reverse Osmosis (RO) technology based water treatment plant starts with pushing water through deed pump of one horsepower (HP) to sand filter which suspends all particle upto twenty microns. Here, it would be important to mention that in case soil from where raw watersource originating is thin, presence of suspended particles will be more in the water whereas it would be less if soil of raw water source is sandy. After suspending all particles upto twenty microns by sand filter, water enters to carbon filter which basically removes bad colour, odour and smell, if any, from raw water. From this stage, water enters into micron filter which suspends five to twenty micron particles existing in the water. Again, water is run through one micron filter which completely removes presence of any particle from water ranging from one to five micron. Here from, water is pushed through high pressure pump in the membranes of reverse osmosis system which removes dissolved solids from water up to ninety to ninety to ninety nine percent. These dissolved solids could be calcium, magnesium, chlorine, fluorine, sulphur etc. Now, if ultra-violet or ozone ray machine is established in the plant, water will be passed through that machine which removes any micro-organism existing in the water. Ultra-violet rays are effective for only two days not to get micro-organism again in the water whereas ozone rays could be effective for fifteen days for the same generally.

The process in ultra-violet (UV) technology based water treatment plant starts with pushing raw water through feed pump to raw water storage tank from where it is feed to duel media filter which utilize a bed of sand, crushed granite or other material to filter water for drinking and other applications. After filtering raw water, clean water is sent to cartridge filter banks whereas brine is sent to backwash tank from where it is properly drained off. Again, cartridge filter banks remove sediments from water up to the size as per its capacity. Cleaned water is feed to ultra-violet waterworks purification modules for final treatment whereas brine once again sent back to backwash tank. Now Ultraviolet (UV) system uses ultraviolet rays to treat water and render micro-organisms harmless. The UV rays come from a high intensity lamp that is usually enclosed in a protective quartz sleeve. When water passes through the water treatment system, the UV light damages the structure of any organisms and makes them sterile. Finally, water reaches to treated water storage tank.

2 RO and UV- methods are two methods which are being used worldwide to purify water. RO is the latest technology in the market which makes use of the Osmosis system.

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* Contributed by: -
Amit Goel has done B. Tech. in Computer Science Engineering from Technological Institute of Textile & Sciences (TIT&S) Haryana. Worked as Software Engineer – Technology at HCL Technologies Ltd, New Delhi. Presently he is doing Post Graduate Diploma in Rural Management from the Institute of Rural Management Anand (IRMA), Gujarat.
Mohit Goel has completed his Bachelor of Engineering (Computer Science) from Netaji Subhas Institute of Technology, Delhi University & is currently working as QA Lead at Mtree Software Limited.